Lipid composition and molecular species of phospholipid in oyster Crassostrea lugubris (Sowerby, 1871) from Lang Co Beach, Hue Province, Vietnam | JoVE Visualize

Lipid composition and molecular species of phospholipid in oyster Crassostrea lugubris (Sowerby, 1871) from Lang Co Beach, Hue Province, Vietnam

Thanh Tra Thi Le^1,2,3, Quoc Toan Tran^1,2, PeteVladimirovich Velansky⁴

¹Institute of Natural Products Chemistry Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi City Vietnam.

Food Science & Nutrition|August 17, 2021

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This study reveals the lipid and phospholipid composition of Crassostrea lugubris oysters from Vietnam. It identifies a new phospholipid class, phosphatidylglycolic acid (PGA), in marine species.

Area of Science:

Marine biology and lipid biochemistry
Seafood composition analysis
Aquaculture and food science

Background:

Oysters are globally distributed, with significant populations in tropical and subtropical regions.
Understanding oyster lipid and phospholipid profiles is crucial for nutritional and biochemical insights.
Crassostrea lugubris is a significant oyster species, yet its detailed lipid composition remains understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

To comprehensively analyze the total lipid (TL), fatty acid (FA), phospholipid (PL) class, and molecular species composition in the soft tissues of Crassostrea lugubris.
To identify and characterize novel phospholipid classes within marine organisms.
To provide the first detailed lipidomic profile for this species from Vietnam.

Main Methods:

Lipid extraction from oyster soft tissues.
Gas chromatography (GC) for fatty acid profiling.
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) for phospholipid class and molecular species identification.
Analysis of total lipid (TL) and polar lipid (PoL) fractions.

Main Results:

Polyunsaturated fatty acids constituted over 30% of the total lipids.
Eight main phospholipid classes were identified in the polar lipid fraction, including diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylserine (PS), ceramide aminoethylphosphonate (CAEP), CAEP with hydroxylated FAs (CAEP-OH), and lysophosphatidylcholine.
A novel phospholipid class, phosphatidylglycolic acid (PGA), was identified for the first time in marine species.
PE and PC were the most abundant phospholipid classes, accounting for approximately 63% of total known PL.
Ninety molecular species of glycerophospholipids and sphingophosphonolipids were identified, with alkenyl-acyl forms predominating in PGA, PE, and PS.

Conclusions:

The study presents the first detailed lipid and phospholipid profile of Crassostrea lugubris from Vietnam.
The identification of phosphatidylglycolic acid (PGA) represents a significant discovery in marine lipid biochemistry.
The findings contribute valuable data to the understanding of oyster nutritional value and biochemical composition.