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The mitogenic properties of lipoteichoic acid from Staphylococcus aureus | JoVE Visualize

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The mitogenic properties of lipoteichoic acid from Staphylococcus aureus

P Aasjord, H Nyland, R Matre

Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica. Section C, Immunology|June 1, 1986

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

Staphylococcus aureus lipoteichoic acid (LTA) acts as a general mitogen, stimulating mononuclear cells (MNCs) from normal donors and cord blood. This immune response is monocyte-dependent, affecting T lymphocytes.

Area of Science:

Immunology
Microbiology
Cell Biology

Background:

Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is a major cell wall component of Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus.
LTA is known to interact with host immune cells, but its specific mitogenic effects require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the mitogenic potential of Staphylococcus aureus LTA on human mononuclear cells (MNCs).
To determine the cellular mechanisms underlying LTA-induced immune cell activation.

Main Methods:

In vitro culture of MNCs from normal donors and human cord blood.
Stimulation assays using purified LTA and deacylated LTA (dLTA).
Indirect immunofluorescence and rosette inhibition assays to assess LTA binding.
Cell fractionation experiments to identify responding cell types.

Main Results:

LTA induced a strong blastogenic response in MNCs from 17 of 20 normal donors.
Significant stimulation was observed in cord blood MNCs, indicating a general mitogenic effect.
Deacylated LTA (dLTA) exhibited similar mitogenicity to LTA.
LTA binding to MNCs was confirmed via immunofluorescence and rosette inhibition.
Cell fractionation revealed a monocyte-dependent mitogenic effect on T lymphocytes.

Conclusions:

Staphylococcus aureus LTA functions as a potent mitogen for human MNCs.
The mitogenic activity of LTA is associated with its binding to MNCs.
LTA exerts its effect on T lymphocytes through a monocyte-dependent pathway, highlighting LTA's role in modulating T cell responses.

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The Mitogenic Properties Of Lipoteichoic Acid From Staphylococcus Aureus