Research and Application of Biomass-Based Wood Flame Retardants: A Review

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Fire Safety Engineering
• Green Chemistry

Background:

• Wood is a renewable construction material with desirable properties but suffers from flammability.
• Improving wood's fire resistance is crucial for its broader application in construction.
• Conventional flame retardants often pose environmental concerns.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the use of biomass as a source for environmentally friendly flame retardants.
• To explore two main types of biomass-based intumescent flame retardants: composite and all-biomass.
• To discuss the potential of biomass in developing high-performance, sustainable flame retardant solutions.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and synthesis of research on biomass-based flame retardants.
• Categorization of biomass flame retardants into composite and all-biomass types.
• Analysis of technological advancements and future potential of biomass flame retardants.

Main Results:

• Biomass can serve as a primary component or a synergist in composite flame retardants.
• Biomass can be utilized as a sole feedstock for all-biomass intumescent flame retardants.
• Biomass-based flame retardants offer a promising route to enhance wood's fire safety sustainably.

Conclusions:

• Biomass-derived flame retardants are a viable and eco-friendly alternative to conventional options.
• Further technological development can lead to high-performance biomass-based flame retardants.
• The use of biomass for flame retardants aligns with green chemistry principles and sustainable construction.